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Micronutrients: current issues for HIV care providers.
Tang AM, Lanzillotti J, Hendricks K, Gerrior J, Ghosh M, Woods M, Wanke C.
AIDS
2005 Jun 10;19(9):847-61.
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PubMed entry
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Reviewed by
Susa Coffey, MD
Comment
This article reviews the available data on micronutrient deficiencies and micronutrient supplementation in HIV-infected patients. It examines studies done both in resource-rich and resource-limited areas, and in patients who are taking antiretroviral therapy (ART), and those who are not. Areas of focus include the relationship of specific micronutrients to HIV disease progression, HIV transmission, oxidative stress, and metabolic complications of HIV and ART.
In some clinical situations, the benefits of micronutrient supplementation may be significant. For example, multivitamin therapy given to pregnant women in Tanzania improved birth outcomes and increased CD4 counts. Taken as a whole, however, the research on micronutrient supplementation in HIV disease shows variable or disappointing results
. This is due in part to deficiencies in research designs and in part to the complexities of the specific areas of study. Clearly, properly designed clinical studies are needed to answer fundamental questions about the role of micronutrients and supplementation in HIV infection.
The summaries provided in this review will assist clinicians who work with patients in resource-rich areas, where it is common to take various nutritional supplements (perhaps at high doses), and those in resource-poor areas where patients are more likely to be deficient in important micronutrients.
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