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participating institutions:
Johns Hopkins University AIDS Service, New York State DOH AIDS Institute, The CORE Center, Cook County Hospital



TB & HIV COINFECTION

last updated: October 30, 1998


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References

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    • Every effort should be made to continue administering streptomycin for the total duration of treatment or for at least 4 months after culture conversion (approximately 6-7 months from the start of treatment). Some experts suggest that in situations in which streptomycin is not included in the regimen for all of the recommended 9 months, ethambutol should be added to the regimen to replace streptomycin, and the duration of treatment should be prolonged from 9 months to 12 months. Alternatives to streptomycin are the injectable drugs amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin.

    • To minimize the emergence of drug-resistant HIV strains, if any antiretroviral medication must be temporarily discontinued for any reason, clinicians and patients should be aware of the theoretical advantage of stopping all antiretroviral agents simultaneously, rather than continuing the administration of one or two of these agents alone (4).

    • Three-times-per-week rifabutin regimens, used in combination with antiretroviral therapy, have not been studied.






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